Descender: in typography, the
part of the letterform that dips below the baseline;
usually refers to lowercase letters and some punctuation,
but some typefaces have uppercase letters with
descenders.
Dingbat typeface: a typeface made up of nonalphabetic marker characters, such
as arrows, asterisks, encircled numbers.
Discretionary hyphen: a hyphen
that will occur only if the word appears at
the end of a line, not if the word appears
in the middle of a line.
Display type: large and/or
decorative type used for headlines and as graphic
elements in display pieces. Common sizes are
14, 18, 24, 30, 36, 48, 60, and 72 point.
Dither: for digital halftones,
the creation of a flat bitmap by simply turning
dots off or on. All dots are the same size, there
are simply more of them in dark areas and fewer
of them in light areas -- as opposed to deep bitmaps
used in gray-scale images.
Domain: The name for a network
of computers. For example, znet.com is the domain
name for any number of machines, or hosts, within
zNET's network. Any machine attached to that network,
including all users' machines with a dialup connection,
are hosts within the znet.com domain. Furthermore,
znet.com is within the .com domain.
DNS: Domain Name Service. A DNS
database cross-references a domain name, such as
znet.com, and its associated hosts, with their
IP addresses. A host's IP
address, not necessarily
the host and domain name, is needed to connect
to a remote server. Example of DNS 'NS1.HOAXDESIGN.COM
NS2.HOAXDESIGN.COM
DPI (dots per inch): the unit
of measurement used to describe the resolution of printed output. The most common desktop laser
printers output a 300 dpi. Medium-resolution printers
output at 600 dpi. Image setters output at 1270-2540
dpi.
Draft: A first or preliminary
form of any writing or design, subject to revision,
copying, etc. (Webster's, p.592)
Drop shadow: Drop shadows are
those shadows dropping below text or images which
gives the illusion of shadows from lighting and
gives a 3D effect to the object.
Duotone: a halftone image printed
with two colors, one dark and the other light.
The same photograph is halftoned twice, using the
same screen at two different angles; combining
the two improves the detail and contrast.
E
Editing: Going over a written
piece to correct mechanical errors (spelling, grammar,
punctuation, style); could also be called proofreading
and is not to be confused with revision.
Egyptian type: originally,
from 1815 on, bold face with heavy slabs
or square serifs.
Em space: a space as wide as
the point size of the types. This measurement is
relative; in 12-point type an em space is 12 points
wide, but in 24-point type an em space is 24 points
wide.
Emboss: Embossing a graphic image
adds dimension to it by making the image appear
as if it were carved as a projection from a flat
background.
En space: a space half as wide
as the type is high (half an em space)
Export: Exporting allows the
user to save the file in another format to be opened
in other programs.
Expanded (font): a font
in which the set widths of the characters
are wider than in the standard typeface.
(Note: not the intercharacter space --
that is accomplished through letterspacing
-- but the characters themselves).
Extended type: typefaces that
are wide horizontally -- Hellenic, Latin Wide,
Egyptian Expanded, Microgramma Extended, etc. |
